Health Care Knowledge

Covid-19 generally called as coronavirus is a pandemic to the world. A lot of researchers are working on coronavirus to find out their treatment. However, there are few available drugs which are found helpful in the treatment of COVID-19. These medications do not cure coronavirus infection, they only decrease their effect on the human body. Some enlisted medicines are: LOPINAVIR-RITONAVIR  The combination of lopinavir and ritonavir is used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV first-line therapy). In some cases, it is found quite effective against COVID-19 in a patient whose report was HIV negative. In this combined medication a fixed dose of lopinavir and ritonavir is taken. Both drugs belong to the protease inhibitor class. In this combination Ritonavir works as "pharmacokinetics booster", that means the concentration of ritonavir is less as compared to lopinavir. Ritonavir works as a booster and increases the concentration of lopinavir in the hum

Since SARS-CoV-2 is a virus, considerable scientific attention has been focused on repurposing approved antiviral drugs that were developed for prior outbreaks such as MERS, SARS, and West Nile virus. Some coronavirus medications are enlisted, which could work against coronavirus.  1. ANTIMALARIAL AGENTS: Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: Chloroquine is an anti-malarial medication that is also used against some auto-immune diseases. On 18 March, the WHO announced that chloroquine and the related hydroxychloroquine sulphate would be among the four drugs studied as part of the Solidarity clinical trial.  On March 28, 2020 the FDA authorized the use of hydroxychloroquine sulfate and chloroquine phosphate under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). On April 9th, the National Institutes of Health began the first clinical trial to assess whether hydroxychloroquine 200 mg is safe and effective to treat COVID-19.  2. ANTIVIRAL AGENTS: Lopinavir/Ritonavir: The combination

What is multiple myeloma:  This is also known as plasma cell myeloma or Kahler's disease. It is a cancer in plasma cells that typically produce antibodies. When there is only one tumor present it is called as plasmacytoma and when more than one then called as multiple myeloma. The main cause of myeloma is unknown but the major risk factors are obesity,  inheritance chemicals, radiation, etc. With the effect of cancer, there is an abnormality in plasma cells that produces abnormal antibodies that can cause kidney problems. At the initial stage, there is no sign and symptoms but with the advancement of time bone pain, bleeding, anemia and frequent infections are the common symptoms. Multiple myeloma is diagnosed with the help of blood or urine tests or bone marrow biopsy. And the medication of multiple myeloma includes: Chemotherapy- There are several drugs that are used in the treatment of multiple myeloma such as doxorubicin, etoposide, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, e

Prostate Cancer is a development of cancer in the prostate gland in the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer is slow growing cancer and they spread quickly. The main disadvantage of prostate cancer is that it can spread to different body parts, basically the bones and lymph nodes. At initial stages, there are no symptoms but with advancement of cancer, there is difficulty in urination, pain in pelvic, blood in the urine. Death from Prostate Cancer:  Prostate cancer is a serious disease but most men suffering from prostate cancer do not die from it. Based on a study, more than 3.1 million men in the USA who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point are still alive today. Causes of Prostate Cancer:  The causes of prostate cancer are not clear yet. On behalf of the researchers, prostate cancer begins when a few normal cells divide normally. These abnormal cells live when other cells die and thus accumulate to form a tumor. This tumor can grow and break off t

In our lives, probably we've all heard a slogan which is " smoking causes cancer ". Apart from the slogan, it doesn’t mean every person with smoking will get cancer and every person who doesn’t smoke will remain cancer-free. People with smoking are more likely to get cancer in comparison to non-smokers, and their risk of many other negative health effects is also increased. The list of diseases caused by smoking has grown to include many cancers in different parts of the body including: Cancer of the Lung Throat (Pharynx) Oesophagus Stomach Mouth (Oral Cavity) Bowel Pancreas Voice box (Larynx) Cervix Liver and Kinney Ovary and Bladder Ureter Bone Marrow (Myeloid Leukaemia) Nasal Cavity and Sinuses.  How Smoking Causes Cancer:  In order to know about how smoking can be the cause of cancer, then the puff of each cigarette mainly delivers a mixture of chemicals to the lungs and is absorbed by the lung into the bloodstream and carried to every organ

In the condition of psoriatic arthritis painful inflammation occurs in any of the body’s joints, including those of the neck and back, and is usually associated with a scaly skin condition called psoriasis. Causes of Psoriatic Arthritis: Due to the inflammation, both arthritis and the skin condition occurred. The processes of inflammation are very similar in the skin and the joints. It's still not known exactly what triggers the inflammation in psoriatic arthritis, although a particular combination of genes makes some people more likely than others to develop psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis . Study says that people who are already at risk of this type of arthritis, an infection spontaneously triggered because of the genes they’ve inherited from their parents. On the other hand, sometimes the cause of arthritis can be an accident or injury, particularly if it affects a single joint. People who are overweight are at higher risk of developing both psoriasis and arthritis

Human Immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are those viruses that affect humans. HIV ultimately leads to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a condition that fails the immune system and causes cancer and infections. The major symptoms of HIV are fever, persistent diarrhea, pain in the abdomen, etc. There are several treatments to avoid its further mechanism as HIV causes weak immunity. The treatment of HIV and AIDS with the help of medicines are called Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). There is a medication which is useful in order to decrease the spread of HIV infection to others. LOPINAVIR AND RITONAVIR TABLETS: The combination of lopinavir and ritonavir is used to control HIV infection . It reduces the amount of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) so that the immune system of the body can recover itself. This lowers the chances of infections and cancer. Lopinavir and ritonavir belong to the HIV protease inhibitors. Ritonavir is basically used to improve the ef

Immunotherapy is the process of either activating or suppressing the immune system to fight against the disease. The immune therapy that activates the immune response is known as activation immunotherapy and those therapies that decrease or suppress are called suppressive immunotherapy. In years, immunotherapy is considered as a promising treatment of lung cancer . It is a type of cancer treatment that activates the immunity to fight against cancer. It's been decades, researchers have studied the role of the immune system in treating and preventing cancer. Immunotherapy also can be addressed as biological therapy, is a type of cancer treatment designed to boost the body's natural defenses to fight cancer. The availability of several types of immunotherapy beyond checkpoint inhibitors, including cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Immunotherapy became a key part of treating several different types of diseases. But no