Abacavir/Lamivudine: Dosage and Administration
Abacavir/lamivudine is an FDA-approved prescription medication widely used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults. The abacavir lamivudine combination falls under the group of medicines known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which help scale down the level of HIV in the blood.
This medicinal product comes in tablet form and is taken once daily, with or without food. Common side effects due to abacavir/lamivudine include depression, trouble sleeping, and headache.
Prior to initiating therapy with abacavir, screening for carriage of the HLA-B*5701 allele must be performed in any HIV-infected patient, irrespective of racial origin. Do not use Abacavir medicine if patients are known to carry the HLA-B*5701 allele.
Posology and Method of Administration
Therapy with Abacavir/lamivudine should be prescribed by a health specialist experienced in the management of HIV infection. The abacavir lamivudine tablet can be taken with or without food.
Adults, adolescents, and children weighing at least 25 kg: The recommended dose of Abacavir & Lamivudine is one tablet (600 mg/300) once daily.
Children Under 25 kg: Abacavir/lamivudine should not be administered to children who weigh less than 25 kg as it is a fixed-dose combination medicine (tablet) that cannot be dose reduced.
Abacavir/lamivudine is a fixed-dose tablet and should not be prescribed for those patients who require dose adjustments. Separate preparations of abacavir/lamivudine exist in cases where discontinuation or dose adjustment of one of the active ingredients is required. In these cases the health specialist should refer to the individual product information for these medicinal products.
Special Populations:
Elderly: No pharmacokinetic findings currently exist in patients aged over 65 years. Special care is required in this age group because of age-associated changes such as the alteration of haematological parameters and reduction in renal function.
Renal Impairment: The abacavir lamivudine 600 mg is not for use in patients with a creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min. Dose adjustment is not required in patients with mild-moderate renal impairment. However, the exposure of lamivudine is significantly increased in patients with a creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min.
Hepatic Impairment: Abacavir is mainly metabolised by the liver. No clinical findings exist in patients with moderate-severe hepatic impairment, therefore the use of Abacavir/lamivudine is not recommended unless judged necessary.
In patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score 5-6) precise monitoring is needed, including monitoring of abacavir plasma levels if feasible.
Paediatric Population: The safety and efficacy of Abacavir/lamivudine in children weighing less than 25 kg has not been established.
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